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Lemierre's syndrome (LS) is a rare disorder that manifests as septic internal jugular thrombophlebitis following a recent oropharyngeal infection. This article details a unique case of LS, where the patient presented to the emergency room with complaints of vomiting, headache, diplopia, and left eye pain. Due to a history of sore throat, headache, neck pain, fever, and nausea five days prior to admission, the patient was initially treated with amoxicillin/clavulanate for suspected tonsillitis. A positive meningeal sign and elevated temperature were observed during the clinical examination. Lumbar puncture (LP) was deferred based on imaging indicating potential increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Nevertheless, the patient received vancomycin, ceftriaxone, and dexamethasone as an initial course of treatment for presumed bacterial meningitis. Significant improvement was observed within the first four days of admission, with no subsequent episodes of fever, nausea, or headache. However, upon discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy, the patient experienced severe headaches and frequent vomiting. An urgent brain CT scan confirmed the extension of the left internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombosis to the ipsilateral sigmoid sinuses. Metronidazole and anticoagulant medication were initiated upon LS diagnosis. There is a paucity of discussions on corticosteroid use in LS, with no definitive statistics in the current literature. This case underscores the importance of recognizing and effectively managing interconnected clinical manifestations.
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COVID-19 has many complications that affect many systems, including rheumatology and inflammatory skin conditions such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with lupus panniculitis who presented with systemic lupus erythematosus in the setting of recent COVID-19 infection. A 66-year-old female patient presented to the hospital with expanded skin lesions all over her limbs, fever, joint pain, and fatigue. Lab tests and imaging revealed a second recent infection with COVID-19, positive titers of systemic lupus erythematosus antibodies, and biopsy confirmed lupus erythematosus panniculitis. She was treated with oral prednisone and hydroxychloroquine for SLE and symptomatic management for recent COVID-19 infection without ICU admission. Lupus erythematosus panniculitis (LEP) is a rare manifestation of lupus erythematosus. Although some cases of SLE following COVID-19 infection have been reported, lupus panniculitis as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus in these patients is extremely rare.
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Post-cardiac injury syndrome (PCIS) is an inflammatory condition caused by a cardiac injury that can affect the pericardium, pleura, or both. We describe a female patient who underwent heart surgery and thereafter developed pericardium and pleural effusion. She was also known to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Due to the possibility that each of these symptoms could impact the pericardium or pleura, we came to the conclusion that they could be caused by either PCIS, SLE, or both. A 54-year-old woman underwent open heart surgery three weeks ago and required aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). She presented to the emergency room complaining of fatigue, chest pain, shortness of breath, coughing, and fever for five days. She had a history of SLE for seven years. The patient was found to have a right-side pleural effusion, a pericardial effusion, and a high inflammatory marker based on imaging and laboratory evaluations. A right pleural-side image-guided percutaneous pigtail catheter drainage was inserted. Exudative fluid appeared in the pleural fluid analysis, and a mild pericardial effusion was seen on echocardiography. The patient was diagnosed with pericarditis and treated with prednisone, colchicine, and antibiotics. Six days later, she was discharged in good general condition. In this particular case of SLE with a chronic inflammatory reaction, PCIS developed following valve replacement surgery. The activation and destruction of endothelial cells are frequently seen in both SLE and PCIS, leading us to believe that there may be a possible reciprocal interaction between these two distinct autoimmune illnesses.
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Different types of vasculitis have been reported after various vaccine administrations. Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine was one of the most common vaccine-induced vasculitis. Herein, we describe a 56-year-old male patient with chronic hepatitis B who presented with abdominal pain for 2 days, which was associated with vomiting and bloody diarrhea. He had a history of petechial rash for 25 days, multiple joint pain and lower limb weakness after the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. A skin biopsy showed medium-sized vessel vasculitis. Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) was diagnosed depending on the American College of Rheumatology criteria. He was treated with steroids, plasmapheresis and antiviral medication with a good prognosis. In patients with a past medical history of chronic hepatitis B, the covid vaccine may be associated with an increased risk of developing a PAN, so clinicians should suspect the occurrence of this disease after COVID-19 vaccination.
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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: One of the rare complications of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) treated with combination contraceptives is venous thrombosis. However, there is currently no information on intestinal necrosis and portal venous thrombosis in polycystic ovary syndrome patients, and diagnosis is frequently delayed in these situations. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 30-year old female patient who experienced a sudden onset of rectal bleeding and severe abdominal pain. Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis was detected with Doppler ultrasonography. Right portal vein thrombosis was discovered on contrast-enhanced tomography of the abdomen; it was treated with enoxaparin sodium without improvement. A colonoscopy was then conducted; it revealed a distal descending colon with proximal sigmoid colon ischemia alterations. During a laparoscopic, ischemic portion were removed. On follow-up after two weeks, the patient was still on enoxaparin sodium (80 mg twice daily) in good general condition. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and Superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) are rare forms of venous thrombosis and unusual conditions. Superior MVT related to hormonal contraception and PCOS is uncommon. To best of our knowledge, here we report the first case of PCOS presented with acute intestinal ischemia related to MVT. CONCLUSION: Except for the correlation between PCOS and the use of combination contraceptives, no predisposing factor for portal vein thrombosis was found. Our case report indicates the need for clinicians to consider acute intestinal ischemia in patients with polycystic ovarian disease who have acute abdominal pain and atypical site of thrombosis.
